Window structure



A. ZITOMER WINDOW STRUCTURE Jan. 5, 19.54

2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 2, 1948 A. ZITOMER WINDOW STRUCTURE `Fim. 5,1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 2, 1948 Patented Jan. 5, 1954 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE WINDOW STRUCTURE Abe Zitomer, Milwaukee, Wi`s.assigner tw Alumatic Corporation of America, Milwaukee-Wi's. acorporation of Wisconsin Application January 2, 1948, SerialNo. 196

l 1 Claim. l-

'ihis invention relates to improvements in window structures usingsliding metal sash. As explained in my companion application 728,229,led February 13, 1947, now Patent No. 2,630,891 issued March 10, 1953,the invention is particularly adapted for use in storm sash, but theentire structure or individual features thereof, may also be usedinteriorly as the main sash.

The present invention relates to improvements on the device of mycompanion application above identified for the purpose of making thesash more weathertight and facilitating the construction thereof andimproving the appearance.- A further and major improvement relates to aprovision for locking the sash either in their closed position or inintermediate positions of adjustment and effecting the releasing andlocking by the same lateral'movement of the sash which., carriedfurther, will release the sash from the side guides.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a View in perspective showing the exterior appearance of myimproved window structure as applied to a building, one of the cornerplates preferably employed therewith being omitted.

Fig. 2 is a view in perspective on a slightly enlarged scale of one ofthe corner plates used in nishing the window structure.`

Fig. 3 is a view of the window structure from the interior, portionsthereoi being broken away.

Fig. 4 is a View through the window structure in vertical section on agreatly enlarged scale, portions thereof being broken away.

Fig. 5 is a view taken in horizontal section through the windowstructure,` portions thereof being broken away. A

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail view partially in elevation and partiallyinusection.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary detail view in perspective.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary detail view in perspective showing a corner ofone of the sash embodying a modified construction.

HIn the embodiment in which the invention is illustrated, it isparticularly designed for application to existing window frames. Thegenerally conventional frame shown at l in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 provideschannels or ways for the conventional double-hung sash which includesupper sash 2 and lower sash 3. The frame comprises a sill at 4 andexternal facing trim 5.

To such a frame I have applied a set of sash guides 6, 1 and 8 which,assembled as illustrated in Fig. 1, have the appearance of constitutingLGI. 20L-522iV 2 au fram-e but are, in fact., separate` pieces, havingno connection except such as is derived from their indivi-dual mountingon the external- -nish 5 of the wooden frame shown.

The sash guide membersA 6 l and 8- are preferably all made of extrudedsections. Members i and 8 may bel identical in crosssection asy shown inFigs.. 4 and 5. Each includes a ange 9 of substantial` width which@verlies the face of the trim member 5l and is individually screwedthereto. To the flange 9 is integrally connected the base web I6 fromwhich projects the flanges |124r |3- in which the sash move. From theinner edge of the base web ID extends a short flange Hi preferablyparallel to ange 9, the end of which abuts the bottom or inner edge. ofthe trim member 5, as shown in Fig. 5'.

The guide member 6, at the opposite side of the Window opening, is ofmodified construction. It has at 9|! a flange substantially identical inWidth and form to the ange 9. Like flange 9 it is screwed at intervalsto the window trim or facing 5. Its base web |00 corresponds in functionto the base web ID but is set back to dispense completely with the shortiiange I4. The flanges H6, |20 and |30 are correspondingly elongated toprovide deeper ways than those of guide member 8. In each such way isplaced a channel-shaped slide |5 which extends the full height of thewindow and is biased laterally by a convoluted spring I6 which likewiseextends the full height of the window, this arrangement being best shownin Figs. 5, 6 and 7.

To cover the mitered corners where the sas'n guides 6, 'l and 8 meet, Imay employ corner pieces 66 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), each comprising a platein the form of a right angle having an inwardly turned right angled angeat 5| fitting the inside margins of the contiguous sash guides and outermarginal anges e2, 63 meeting at the corner apex 64 and embracing theouter margins of contiguous sash guides. The plate may be apertured toreceive mounting screws as shown at 65. Where the plate is used, thecorners of the guide members need not even be mitered.

Another feature which is an improvement over the sash guides disclosedin my companion application consists inthe preferred provision cn eachof the anges of an outwardly formed rib 9| behind which I may introducecalking at Si! (Fig. 4) to seal the joint between the nanges and thewood trim 5, Where the corner plate ($6 is used its recessed flanges 62and 63 provide for unbroken calking even where the sash guides are notmitered. This calking and the corner plates 60 above described, providea relatively weathertight connection between my installation and thewindow frame structure to which it is applied.

The sash are preferably also made of extruded metal sections. Thesesections may be uniform around three sides of each sash, using theconstruction shown at i3 in Figs. 4, 5 and 7. Each of the sash railsthus formed is channel-shaped in cross section and provided interiorlywith an integral rib I3 against which the glass 2li seats, as also shownin Fig. 6. The extruded rails are mitered together at their corners andthe corner is spanned by a gusset 2l engaged from both sides by a boss22 produced by punching inwardly on the metal walls of the hollow railsi8. This holds the rails tightly together at the corner and they mayalso be soldered or brazed if desired.

Alternatively, I may use the construction shown in Fig. 8 whereby thereenforcing member 2HE comprises a corner piece having leas 2li, 25E atright angles to each other and fitted with substantial accuracy into thecontiguous rails i8, the inner margins of the legs 2| l, 2l2 abuttingthe rib I9 above described. This makes a very rigid construction and thecorner insert 295i may be tapped to receive the screws 22@ insertedthrough the outer sides of the respective rails As in the constructionpreviously described, the miter joints between the rails, and the jointsof the respective rails with the corner insert 2li? may be soldered orsweated or even cemented together if desired.

The check rail 2d of the lower` sash and the bottom rail 2li@ of theupper sash (Fig. 4.) are nearly identical with each other but diierentfrom the rails I8 already described. They are respectively extruded toprovide integrally the weatherstripping iianges 25, 250, the respectiveflanges passingr each other in the closed position of the sash and eachhaving face bearing contact with the inner surface of the rail of theopposite sash as shown in Fig. 4.

As will hereinafter be described, the respective sash are movablelaterally in the sash guides for removal and insertion. In order toaccommodate such relative lateral movement, it is necessary that theweatherstripping flange 25 of the respective sash be somewhat shorterthan the total width of the sash. Accordingly, it terminates short ofthe flange 125i, as is best shown in Figs. and 7 and I provide a slide25l which is flanged to hook over the top of the check rail trunk 2li.and to engage beneath the free margin of the weatherstripping iiange andis slidable on the check rail 242 between the full line position and thedotted line position illustrated in Fig. 7. In the latter position, thegap left between the iiange i2@ of the sash guide and the flange 25 ofthe check rail 24 is closed, whereas in the full line position the gapis open to permit the lateral movement of the sash preliminary to itsremoval.

In order to facilitate tting the sash to any conventional windowopening, while allowing for inevitable differences in dimension, Iprovide a special adjustable sill or seat best shown in Figs. 3 and 4and designated generically by reference character 26. This also is madeof extruded sections. The channel-shaped section 2'! has an angularlydivergent flange 23 providing a straight sided shoulder at 29 upon whichthe lower window sash seats, when closed. Within the channel 2l is theplate member 30, also of an extruded section, such plate having slots Sfor adjustment and being bifurcated at 3| to receive elasticweatherstripping 32. The weatherstripping may have notches SZQ shown inFigs. l, 3 and 4 for allowing the escape of any water which mightotherwise be trapped therewithin. Clamping bolts 33, extending throughthe opposing sides of the channel-shaped outer member 2l, hold suchsides in clamping adjustment upon the inner slotted plate 3D. The slots@Sie accommodate a considerable range of adjustment between the plate 30and the channel 2l so that the composite sill 26 may be so fixed as toheight that the seat 29 will, in each installation, receive the lowersash when the weatherstripping flanges 25 are engaged substantially asshown in Fig. 3.

The thickness of the supplemental sill member 26, and its width, aresubstantially the thickness and width of the sash. Consequently, theends of the sill 2S are received into the ways of the sash guides E and8 and are detachable therefrom in the same manner as the sash, as willpresently be described. The flange 28 must necessarily be cut off topermit the ends of the sill 26 to be received into such ways.

Whether the sash as herein described are glazed or tted with screencloth, their weight is extremely slight as compared with conventionalwindow structures. The extruded metal is preferably aluminum ormagnesium alloys and its mass i5 small. Consequently no sash balances cfany kind are required. The sash moves freely up and down in the waysprovided by the sash guides 6 and 8 and are held by the bias of theirrespective springs I6 in any position of adjustment.

The beaded edges of the flanges ii, l2, i3 and HQ, ld, IEB lit veryclosely to the rails of the sash and the channels l5 which bear againstthe sides of the sash under the thrust of springs I6 hold the sashtightly engaged at their edges to provide substantially hermeticsealing.

Yet the sash may be removed almost instantly by pressing it to theright, as viewed in Fig. 3 (to the left as viewed in Fig. 7) to displaceits associated thrust channel l5 by compressing the convoluted springifi until the lefthand side of the sash clears the way in which itslides in the guide member 8. Thereupon the sash may be lifted bodilyfrom its guides, the bead of flanges IIB, 29, i3d restraining thechannels i5 from escaping from the righthand ways in guide member B whenthe sash is removed. As the sash are normally positioned for slidingmovement in their respective ways, they are centered in the windowopening, there being approximately the same portion of the sashconcealed behind the flange H of guide member 8 as is conceal-ed behindthe flange IEE) of guide member *5. The ability of the spring biasedchannel i5 to yield when the sash is thrust to the right must be suchthat the lefthand margin of the sash will completely clear flange Il.

Upon withdrawal of the sash, the channel l5 moves out under thrust ofspring it to the full limit permitted by the marginal beads. It will benoted from Fig. '7 that the beads are tapered to guide the sash as it isbeing reintroduced into the way in which it slides.

If the main window sash 2 and 3 meet at a point such as to precludemanipulation of the lower sash in the manner above described, it is onlynecessary to raise the lower sash slightly and then remove the sill unit2b by pressing it to the right (Fig. 3) and withdrawing its lefthandend. The lower storm sash may then be lowered to clear the main windowsash 2 completely and may readily be withdrawn through the openingprovided by raising the main lower sash 3. The upper storm sash may thenbe lowered to the same level and removed through the same opening. |Thismakes it possible to wash the glazed sash at the kitchen sink, ifdesired, or to replace them with screen sash with equal facility. Yetthe assembled window structure is more weathertight than the averagestorm sash equipped with weatherstripping.

By simply providing web I8 of the sash guide 8 with apertures 34 openingfrom the respective guide channels, and by providing the sash withprojecting pegs receivable into such apertures as shown in Figs. 3 and5, it is possible to hold the sash locked against vertical movement inany position at which apertures are provided. The sash are readilydisengaged from any aperture by moving the sash bodily to the right asviewed in Fig. 3 and may then be raised or lowered and engaged, ifdesired, with another aperture at a diierent level. Fig. 3 shows anumber of such apertures. Thelength of the pegs is such that lessmovement is required to engage and disengage them respecting theapertures than is required wholly to free the sash from its guidechannel. Since the movement of the Sash laterally for disengagement ofthe pegs is subject to bias of the springs I6, the springs tend at alltimes to hold the sash in locked position.

Due to the use of standardized extruded sections, my improved window maybe applied to practically any conventional window regardless of itssize. The members 6, l and 8 may be cut and mitered on the job andsimply screwed in place, giving the appearance, however, when assembled,cf a complete metal frame.

The slideabe sash used in the guides may likewise be assembled on thejob if so required to it an odd shaped Window, although it is normallyintended that these be manufactured in stated sizes.

Not only does the adjustable sill make possible the application of myimproved window structure in windows having minor variations indimensions, but it will also be noted that the screwing of the guidemembers 6, l, 8 to the Window frame trim permits my guide members to bemounted in accurate relationship to each other, regardless ofinaccuracies in the spacing, or lack of parallel of the sides of theWooden frame.

I claim:

In a window structure the combination with a sash member and a guidemember, the sash member being slidable and movable laterally respectingthe guide member, and the guide member having a channel in which thesaid movements of the sash member are accommodated and interlockingmeans on said members normally restraining the sash member from movementin a sliding direction respecting the guide member, one of said membershaving a fixed projection and the other a recess comprising said meansin further combination with a second guide member having a sashreceiving channel suiliciently deep to accommodate lateral movement ofthe sash suiliciently to disengage said means, together with a spring insaid last mentioned channel biasing said sash toward a position forengagement of said means, and a spring follower interposed between thespring and sash in the last mentioned channel, said last mentionedchannel being sufficiently deep so that, upon full compression of saidspring, the sash may be wholly disengaged from the channel of the guidemember rst mentioned, the said means being engageable and disengageableupon sash displacement laterally to an extent less than that requiredfor the removal of the sash.

ABE ZITOMER.

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